1、氣門的光磨

1. Smooth grinding of valve

在混凝土攪拌機的維修中，如果氣門出現燒蝕、麻點及凹陷時，均應進行光磨，一般是在光磨機上進行，作業時需要注意四個問題：一是保證氣門頭與桿部同心，否則應先校直；二是光磨輛在能磨出完整的錐面的前提下是越小越好；三是盡量提高表面光潔度；四是氣門桿端部凹陷應予以磨平。

During the maintenance of the concrete mixer, if the valve is ablated, pitted or sunken, it should be polished, usually on the grinder. Four problems should be paid attention to during the operation: first, ensure that the valve head is concentric with the rod, otherwise it should be straightened first; Second, on the premise that the smooth grinding vehicle can grind a complete cone, the smaller the better; Third, try to improve the surface finish; Fourth, the depression at the end of the valve stem shall be ground flat.

2、氣門導管的鉸銷

2. Hinge pin for valve guide

氣門桿與氣門導管配合間隙是決定氣門導管使用壽命的關鍵，因此當更換新的氣門導管時，鉸銷時應嚴格掌握好配合間隙，使用各攪拌車車型規定間隙的下限，可有效延長使用壽命。

The fit clearance between the valve stem and the valve guide is the key to determine the service life of the valve guide. Therefore, when replacing the new valve guide, the fit clearance shall be strictly controlled during hinge pin. The lower limit of the clearance shall be specified for each mixer model to effectively extend the service life.

3、氣門的研磨

3. Grinding of valve

氣門的研磨分為兩種情況：一是氣門與氣門座只有輕微麻點，不需要光磨和鉸銷時的研磨；二是氣門與氣門座均經過光磨和鉸銷后的研磨。前者先用足金鋼砂研磨，將麻點研磨掉后，再用細金剛砂研磨，涂上機油研磨，直密封符合要求，寬度符合規定為止。后者只有密封性達不到要求時才進行研磨，但操作時一定要注意，不要過分用力，嚴禁將氣門上下敲打，否則將出現凹形砂痕，影響維修質量。

The grinding of valve can be divided into two cases: one is that the valve and valve seat have only slight pitting, and there is no need for smooth grinding and grinding when hinge pin is used; Second, the valve and valve seat are polished and polished after hinge pin. The former shall be grinded with full gold steel sand first, and then the pitting shall be grinded off, and then grinded with fine emery and coated with engine oil until the sealing meets the requirements and the width meets the requirements. The latter shall be grinded only when the sealing performance fails to meet the requirements, but attention must be paid during operation to avoid excessive force. It is strictly prohibited to knock the valve up and down, otherwise concave sand marks will appear, affecting the maintenance quality.

此外氣門燒蝕主要是由于不合理的使用造成的。發動機長時間在大負荷下工作，超過了設計極限，會引起氣門的早期磨損;同時還會引起氣門導管、氣門座的變形，破壞了氣門的密封性，影響氣門散熱，使氣門燒蝕。另外，發動機由于在高溫下超負荷工作，容易引起潤滑油、燃油的氧化聚合和分解，在氣門頭部、桿部形成膠狀沉積物，使氣門的密封面腐蝕，并且導致氣門漏氣，而發生氣門燒蝕。

In addition, valve ablation is mainly caused by unreasonable use. If the engine works under heavy load for a long time, it will cause early wear of valves if it exceeds the design limit; At the same time, it will also cause the deformation of the valve guide and valve seat, damage the sealing of the valve, affect the heat dissipation of the valve, and make the valve ablate. In addition, because the engine is overloaded under high temperature, it is easy to cause oxidation, polymerization and decomposition of lubricating oil and fuel oil, and form colloidal deposits in the valve head and stem, which will corrode the sealing surface of the valve, and lead to valve leakage and valve ablation.

混凝土攪拌機氣門的燒蝕是由于不合理的使用造成的，為了防止氣門燒蝕，在使用和保養中應做到以下幾方面：合理裝載是延長發動機使用壽命的關鍵因素之一。提高修保質量，保養時，應及時的積炭，對密封不好的氣門要進行研磨，按規定標準調整氣門間隙。不使用不合格的燃油，按規定加入合乎規定的發動機機油。

The valve ablation of concrete mixer is caused by unreasonable use. In order to prevent valve ablation, the following aspects should be achieved in use and maintenance: reasonable loading is one of the key factors to prolong the service life of the engine. Improve the maintenance quality. During maintenance, remove the carbon deposit in time, grind the valve with poor sealing, and adjust the valve clearance according to the specified standard. Do not use unqualified fuel, and add qualified engine oil as required.

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